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ABSTRACT: Adolescents who are pregnant are a vulnerable population at risk for poor health literacy. Health literacy is an important determinant of health, and poor health literacy among adolescents is correlated with high-risk he...
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ABSTRACT: Adolescents who are pregnant are a vulnerable population at risk for poor health literacy. Health literacy is an important determinant of health, and poor health literacy among adolescents is correlated with high-risk health behaviors and adverse health outcomes into adulthood. A review of the literature showed a significant gap in research related to health literacy in pregnant adolescents. The limited findings indicate the need for additional research attention on health literacy in pregnant adolescents and upstream approaches to improve adolescent health literacy, such as incorporating health literacy education into secondary schools. To strengthen approaches that build health literacy capacity, it is imperative that future research focuses on pregnant adolescents' health literacy related to health behaviors, health outcomes, measurement instruments, health literacy frameworks, and targeted interventions.
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To identify the associated factors to loneliness among Brazilian adolescents, considering this is a knowledge gap and given its severity. The United Nations estimates that mental health problems affect approximately 20% of adolesc...
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To identify the associated factors to loneliness among Brazilian adolescents, considering this is a knowledge gap and given its severity. The United Nations estimates that mental health problems affect approximately 20% of adolescents worldwide. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey 2015, conducted with students aged 13–17 in Brazil. The statistical analysis was performed with the calculation of the prevalence of feeling loneliness reported. Poisson regression with the adjusted Prevalence Ratio was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics, family context, mental health and lifestyles, and feelings of loneliness. Results: 15,5% of Brazilian students reported loneliness in the last 12 months. Female gender, higher maternal education, insomnia and be bullying victims rarely or sometimes and most of the time or always had a higher prevalence rate of loneliness. Having friends, having a meal with parents or guardians 5 days or more a week and having understanding parents showed a lower prevalence ratio for loneliness. Conclusion: Loneliness feeling is frequent among adolescents and is associated with female gender, less social and family support, intra-family violence and risk behaviors such as alcohol consumption and bullying. Policies to promote physical and mental well-being in this age group, stimulating friendship and family participation in the lives of adolescents should be made.
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Background: Each year, approximately 16 million 15-19 year-old girls give birth. In 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the evidence-based "Preventing Early Pregnancy and Poor Reproductive Outcomes among Adolescents...
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Background: Each year, approximately 16 million 15-19 year-old girls give birth. In 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the evidence-based "Preventing Early Pregnancy and Poor Reproductive Outcomes among Adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries" guidelines to inform policies and programs. However, little is known about their country-level use to influence supportive environments to reduce early childbearing. We sought to identify alignment of Ethiopian laws, polices and strategies with these guidelines, whether these guidelines contributed to them, and identify facilitators and barriers to their utilization. Methods: First, we analyzed Ethiopian legal, policy, and strategy documents relating to adolescent pregnancy to determine their alignment with the WHO early pregnancy guidelines. We then conducted and thematically analyzed 11 interviews with key informants (KIs) working in adolescent and/or reproductive health at the national level. Results: Laws, policies, and strategies to address early childbearing are in place in Ethiopia and address the six domains of the WHO adolescent pregnancy guidelines. KIs reported that they were aware of the WHO adolescent pregnancy guidelines, but none mentioned it without prompting. Six barrier/facilitator themes emerged: knowledge, national agenda, laws, resources, culture, and cooperation. Conclusions: Ethiopia has a policy framework consistent with WHO's adolescent pregnancy guidelines which may have contributed to their development. The lack of spontaneous identification of the guidelines by the KIs we interviewed, raises questions of their knowledge and use of the guidelines. Targeted dissemination of guidelines by WHO to relevant stakeholders may facilitate their use.
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Although adolescence is a relatively healthy time of life, it is also a time when behaviours can develop that may have long-term effects on adult health and well-being. Health promotion campaigns have targeted issues including smo...
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Although adolescence is a relatively healthy time of life, it is also a time when behaviours can develop that may have long-term effects on adult health and well-being. Health promotion campaigns have targeted issues including smoking, drug taking, mental health and teenage pregnancy. Although there have been positive improvements in terms of increasing adolescents' knowledge about risk, few interventions have been shown to result in behavioural change. Adolescents' uptake of primary and community health services has improved when services have been developed in consultation with them, and service development in both the acute and community sectors also needs to take into account the specific developmental and social needs of this age group.
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To map the transition process from the perspective of pediatricians and their adolescent patients, and to suggest a transition protocol. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in a pediatric outpatient cli...
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To map the transition process from the perspective of pediatricians and their adolescent patients, and to suggest a transition protocol. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in a pediatric outpatient clinic of a public tertiary hospital. Pediatricians answered a questionnaire about the transition process, and that was evaluated in a descriptive manner. The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) on health autonomy was answered by the adolescents and the analysis was performed using the χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests. p<0.05 were considered significant. Results: 31 pediatricians (16 residents, 15 supervisors) were enrolled, with a mean age of 40.1 (±16.9), 87% women, with years working in Pediatrics ranging from 2 to 45 years (median of 5 years). Most doctors agreed that there was no transition plan, but they stimulated the patient’s autonomy and talked to the patient and family members about any existing chronic diseases. A total of 102 adolescent patients participated, with a median age of 15; 56% were female. The TRAQ median was 58, with similar scores between females and males, and higher scores in those older than 16 years of age (Mann-Whitney U test, p=0.01). The patients reported ease in face-to-face communication with their doctors, but great difficulty in talking about health issues over the phone. Conclusions: Even without a transition protocol, adolescents developed several self-care skills as they aged. The lack of a transitional protocol led to conflicting opinions, which reinforces the need for improvement. We suggest a flowchart and transition protocol.
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BACKGROUND Health behaviors of adolescents affect their health and well-being into adulthood. This study was conducted to determine the nutrition-exercise behaviors, health literacy level, and related factors in adolescents. METHO...
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BACKGROUND Health behaviors of adolescents affect their health and well-being into adulthood. This study was conducted to determine the nutrition-exercise behaviors, health literacy level, and related factors in adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Overall, 810 students in grades 6-8 in a Turkish school completed the study. A personal information form, the Nutrition-Exercise Behaviors Scale, and the Health Literacy for School-Aged Children Scale were used for data collection. RESULTS According to the mean score of the Health Literacy Scale, 21% of the students had a low level of health literacy, 63.8% had a medium level, and 15.2% had a high level. A positive correlation was found between health literacy level and healthy nutrition-exercise behavior (r = 0.345, p < .001), and a positive correlation between health literacy level and meal pattern (r = 0.230, p < .001). A positive correlation (r = 0.385, p < .001) was found between meal pattern and healthy nutrition-exercise behavior. A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.510, p < .001) was found between unhealthy nutrition-exercise behavior and psychological/addicted eating behavior. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that nutrition-exercise behaviors and the health literacy of adolescents were at a moderate level and, there was a relationship between nutrition-exercise behaviors and health literacy levels in adolescents. Interventions should be planned and followed through with parents to help adolescents adopt healthy nutrition and exercise behaviors from an early age and to increase their health literacy level. In this context, it is recommended to implement training and intervention programs for adolescents and their families.
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To know and synthesize scientific production on educational technologies for health approaches with adolescents. Methods This is an integrative literature review carried out on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO an...
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To know and synthesize scientific production on educational technologies for health approaches with adolescents. Methods This is an integrative literature review carried out on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO and Virtual Health Library databases, between April and July 2020. Full and free availability of articles in Portuguese, English and/or Spanish, and publications carried out in the last five years formed the inclusion criteria. A descriptive analysis of study and content characterization was carried out. Results A total of 14 articles were selected, and booklets, interactive games and videos were highlighted as educational technologies. Most studies contemplated the VI level of evidence, including qualitative studies and expert opinions, seven studies were in English and the predominant design was of the methodological type, with nine articles. Conclusion The objective was achieved and evidence showed that educational technologies are essential for addressing school health with adolescents; however, it is necessary to privilege spaces for dialogue and consideration of their needs in order to bring them closer to health services.
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Background: Lack of information has been described as a major factor in non-use of oral emergency contraception (EC) following unprotected intercourse. Despite the ongoing vociferous debate on liberalisation of access, little evid...
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Background: Lack of information has been described as a major factor in non-use of oral emergency contraception (EC) following unprotected intercourse. Despite the ongoing vociferous debate on liberalisation of access, little evidence is available on EC knowledge in Germany, particularly among adolescents.
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